Hao Liu

Contact

• workRoom B5 David Wilson Ecohouse, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham
  University Park
  Nottingham
  NG7 2RD
  UK
• work0115 84 67674
• fax0115 95 13159
• liu.hao@nottingham.ac.uk

Biography

Dr Liu is a Chartered (Energy) Engineer and a member of the Energy Institute. He has research expertise in coal combustion, power plant engineering, fluidized bed technology, and biomass combustion and gasification. He has designed and tested a number of laboratory-scale and pilot-scale combustion facilities in sizes ranging from a fraction of a kW to 20 MW and has extensive research experience in modelling of combustion, gasification and power plant power generation.

Past research projects include (1) Reburning for NOx emission control (Sponsor: EPSRC) (2) Strategies for reduction of nitrous oxide emissions from combustion in a circulating fluidized bed (Sponsor: EPSRC) (3) Process simulation of circulating fluidized beds with combustion/gasification of biomass (Sponsor: EU Joule programme) (4) Coal combustion in CO2 rich flue gas - an approach to industrial applications in power stations (Sponsor: EU ECSC programme) (5) Small-scale biomass-fired CHP system (Sponsor: EPSRC) (6) Geothermal heat pump (Sponsors: EPSRC/Roger Bullivant Ltd),

His current research interests concentrate on renewable energy technologies (in particular biomass technology), clean combustion and carbon abatement technologies. His on-going research projects include (1) Cleaning of product gases from biomass gasification (Sponsor: EPSRC), (2) Integrated Biomass-fuelled CHP/cooling system (Sponsor: TSB), (3) Influence of impurities on CO2 transportation/storage (Sponser: EPSRC/University of Nottingham - the Bridging Gap fund), (4) Small-scale woody and non-woody biomass pellet boiler with low NOx and particulate emissions (Sponsor: the Carbon Trust), (5) Innovative Adsorbent Materials and Processes for Integrated Carbon Capture and Multi-pollutant Control for Fossil Fuel Power Generation (Sponsor: EPSRC), (6) The Next Generation of Activated Carbon Adsorbents for CO₂ Capture in IGCC Processes (Sponsor: EPSRC).

Many of his past and present research projects involve collaborations with UK/International universities/institutions and industrial partners.

Selected Publications

• LIU, H., 2011. Biomass fuels for small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems: resources, conversion and applications. In: BEITH, R., ed., Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems: Advanced design, performance, materials and applications Woodhead Publishing Limited. 88 -122
• LIU, H. AND NEUBAUER, Y., 2010. Gasification. In: MAXIMILIAN LACKNER, ed., High Temperature Processes in Chemical Engineering Processeng Engineering Gmbh. 361 - 408
• NIMMO, W. AND LIU, H., 2010. Developments in NOx Emission Control By Reburning in Pulverised Coal Combustion. In: CHRISTOPHER T. GRACE, ed., Coal Combustion Research Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. 85 - 170
• QIU, G., SHAO, Y., LI, J., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2012. Experimental investigation of a biomass-fired ORC-based micro-CHP for domestic applications Fuel. 96(June), 374-382

• View all publications

Future Research

Future research continues to focus on 'clean fossil fuels, carbon capture and biomass technologies', including biomass/coal combustion, gasification, micro-scale combined heat and power generation, clean fossil fuel technologies (oxy-fuel combustion, chemical looping combustion, combustion-generated pollution control, carbon capture and storage etc.), sustainable waste management and disposal, hydrogen production from biomass/coal etc.

Further enquries from potential national/international collaborators and high calibre PhD applicants are welcome.

• LIU, HAO, CHANEY, JOEL, LI, JINXING and SUN, CHENGGONG, 2013. Control of NOx emissions of a domestic/small-scale biomass pellet boiler by air staging FUEL. 103, 792-798
• QIU, G., SHAO, Y., LI, J., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2012. Experimental investigation of a biomass-fired ORC-based micro-CHP for domestic applications Fuel. 96(June), 374-382
• C. J. WOOD, H. LIU and S. B. RIFFAT, 2012. Comparative Performance of ‘U-tube’ and ‘Coaxial’ Loop Designs for Use with a Ground Source Heat Pump APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING. 37, 190-195
• J. XIE, W. ZHONG, B. JIN, Y. SHAO and H. LIU, 2012. Simulation on gasification of forestry residues in fluidized beds by Eulerian–Lagrangian approach Bioresource Technology. 121, 36-46
• LI, WEILING, ZHONG, WENQI, JIN, BAOSHENG, XIAO, RUI, SHAO, YINGJUAN and LIU, HAO, 2012. Study on Black Liquor Low-temperature Gasification in Fluidized Bed by Eulerian Multiphase Computationally Fluid Dynamics Modeling INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING. 10, A48
• CHANEY, JOEL, LIU, HAO and LI, JINXING, 2012. An overview of CFD modelling of small-scale fixed-bed biomass pellet boilers with preliminary results from a simplified approach ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT. 63, 149-156
• S. YIN, B. JIN, W. ZHONG, Y. LU, Y. SHAO and H. LIU, 2012. Solid holdup of high flux circulating fluidized bed at elevated pressure Chemical Engineering & Technology. 35(5), 904-910
• W. ZHANG, H. LIU, I. UL HAI and Y. NEUBAUER ET AL., 2012. Cleaning strategies for biomass gasification product gas INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGIES. 7(2), 69-74
• S. YIN, B. JIN, W. ZHONG, Y. LU, Y. SHAO and H. LIU, 2012. Experimental Gas-solid Flow Characteristics in Pressurized Circulating Fluidized Bed I：Solid Holdup Distribution Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition). 42(2), 308-312
• QIU, G and LIU, H. AND RIFFAT, S. B., 2011. Expanders for micro-CHP systems with organic Rankine cycle APPLIED THERMAL ENGEERING. 31, 3301-3307
• LIU, H., 2011. Biomass fuels for small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems: resources, conversion and applications. In: BEITH, R., ed., Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems: Advanced design, performance, materials and applications Woodhead Publishing Limited. 88 -122
• LIU, H. and SHAO, Y. AND LI, J., 2011. A biomass-fired micro-scale CHP system with organic Rankine cycle (ORC) - Thermodynamic modelling studies Biomass & Bioenergy. 35, 3985-3994
• QIU, G and LIU, H. AND RIFFAT, S.B., 2010. Selection of Expanders for Micro-Scale ORC-Based CHP Systems In: 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 24 - 27 Aug 2010, Shanghai China. Paper SE-66
• SHILTON, T and MAKINSON, A. AND LIU, H., 2010. Public Attitudes towards Household Waste Recycling and Incineration in the UK In: 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 24 - 27 Aug 2010, Shanghai China. Paper CO-39
• LIU, H, QIU, G, DAMINABO, F and SHAO, Y. AND RIFFAT, S.B., 2010. Preliminary Experimental Investigations of a Biomass-Fired Micro-Scale CHP with Organic Rankine Cycle International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 5, 81 - 87
• LIU, H. and SHAO, Y., 2010. Predictions of the impurities in the CO₂ stream of an oxy-coal combustion plant Applied Energy. 87(10), 3162-3170
• WOOD, C.J., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2010. An investigation of the heat pump performance and ground temperature of a piled foundation heat exchanger system for a residential building Energy. 35(12), 4932-4940
• ZHANG, W, LIU, H and UL HAI, I. AND RIFFAT, S.B., 2010. Biomass Gasification in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed and Efficiency of a Mop Fan Cleaning Unit In: 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 24 - 27 Aug 2010, Shanghai China. Paper RE-183
• LIU, H, QIU, G and SHAO, Y. AND RIFFAT, S.B., 2010. Experimental Investigation on the Flue Gas Emissions of a Domestic Biomass Boiler under Normal and Idle Combustion Conditions International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 5, 88 - 95
• LIU, H. AND NEUBAUER, Y., 2010. Gasification. In: MAXIMILIAN LACKNER, ed., High Temperature Processes in Chemical Engineering Processeng Engineering Gmbh. 361 - 408
• WOOD, C.J and LIU, H. AND RIFFAT S.B., 2010. Comparison of a Modelled and Field Tested Piled Ground Heat Exchanger System for a Residential Building and the Simulated Effect of Assisted Ground Heat Recharge International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies. 5, 137 - 143
• NIMMO, W. AND LIU, H., 2010. Developments in NOx Emission Control By Reburning in Pulverised Coal Combustion. In: CHRISTOPHER T. GRACE, ed., Coal Combustion Research Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. 85 - 170
• LIU, H., 2009. A Comparison of Combustion of Coal Chars in O2/CO2 and O2/N2 Mixtures – Isothermal TGA Studies International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering. Vol 7, Article 74 (http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol7/A74)
• QIU, G., LIU, H., DAMINABO,F., SHAO, Y. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Experimental investigation of a biomass-fired micro-scale CHP with organic Rankine cycle In: 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 31 Aug – 3 Sept 2009, Aachen, Germany.
• DONG, L., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Development of Small-Scale and Micro-Scale Biomass-Fuelled CHP Systems – A literature review Applied Thermal Engineering. 29(11-12), 2119-2126
• ZHANG, W., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Design and preliminary test of a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier for biomass gasification In: 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 31 Aug – 3 Sept 2009, Aachen, Germany.
• LIU, H., QIU, G., SHAO, Y. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Experimental investigation on the flue gas emissions of a domestic biomass boiler In: 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 31 Aug – 3 Sept 2009, Aachen, Germany.
• LIU, H., 2009. Combustion of coal chars in O₂/CO₂ and O₂/N₂ mixtures – a comparative study with non-isothermal thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA) tests Energy and Fuels. 23(9), 4278-4285
• WOOD, C.J., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Comparison of a modelled and field tested piled ground heat exchanger system for a residential building In: 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 31 Aug – 3 Sept 2009, Aachen, Germany.
• CASTELLANA, C and LIU, H., 2009. Thermodynamic modelling of a biomass-fired micro-CHP with Organic Rankine Cycle In: 8th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 31 Aug – 3 Sept 2009, Aachen, Germany.
• WOOD, C.J., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2009. Use of energy piles in a residential building, and effects on ground temperature and heat pump efficiency Géotechnique. 59(3), 287-290
• WOOD, C.J., LIU, H and RIFFAT S.B., 2009. Monitoring of the ground temperature of a piled foundation heat exchanger system for a residential building over two heating seasons In: International Conference on Deep Foundations -CPRF and Energy Piles, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 15 May 2009.
• QIU, G., LIU, H. and RIFFAT, S.B., 2008. Biomass-fuelled co-generation: potential applications in China In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 24-27 August 2008, Seoul, Korea, ISBN 978-89-961095-1-894. 468-475
• RIFFAT, S.B., QIU, G. and LIU, H, 2008. Biomass-fired Combined Heat and Power Systems: Current Status and Future R&D Needs In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, 24-27 August 2008, Seoul, Korea, ISBN 978-89-961095-2-594. 1781-1788
• LIU, H., ZAILANI, R. and GIBBS, B.M., 2005. Comparisons of pulverized coal combustion in air and in mixtures of O2/CO2 Fuel. 84(7-8), 833-840
• LIU, H., ZAILANI, R. and GIBBS, B.M., 2005. Pulverized coal combustion in air and in O2/CO2 mixtures with NOx recycle Fuel. 84(16), 2109-2115
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B.M., 2003. Modelling NH3 and HCN emissions from biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifiers Fuel. 82(13), 1591-1604
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B.M., 2003. N2O reduction in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor by injection of hydrocarbon fuels Clean Air. 4(1), 37 - 51
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B.M., 2003. Modelling of NH3 and HCN emissions from biomass CFB gasifiers In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion, ISBN: 0-7918-3675-4. Paper No. 139
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B.M., 2003. Modeling of NH3 and HCN emissions from biomass CFB gasifiers In: 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion’, Paper No. 139, Jacksonville, Florida, May 18-21, 2003, ISBN #: 0-7918-3675-4. (In Press.)
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B.M., 2002. Modelling of NO and N2O emissions from biomass-fired circulating fluidized bed combustors Fuel. 81(3), 271-280
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 2002. Modeling NO and N2O emissions from biomass combustion in circulating fluidized bed In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, J.R. Grace, J. Zhu and H. de Lasa eds.), pp 730 –738, May 2002, Canada, ISBN 0-920804-98-5.
• LIU, H. and GIBBS, B. M., 2001. The influence of calcined limestone on NOx and N2O emissions from char combustion in fluidized bed combustors Fuel. VOL 80(NUMBER 9), 1211-1215
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 2000. N2O reduction by afterburning in a coal-fired circulating fluidized bed combustor Journal of the Institute of Energy. 73, 126-133
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1999. The influence of limestone on NOx and N2O emissions from char combustion in a fluidized bed combustor In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Coal Science, September 12-17, 1999, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (Propects for Coal Science in the 21st Century, Edited by Bao Qing Li and Zhen Yu Liu, Shanxi Science & Technology Press, 1999, ISBN 7 – 5377 – 1640 – 4, vol.2, pp 1537-1540).
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1999. The influence of limestone and alumina on NOx and N2O emissions from char combustion in a fluidized bed combustor In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion, Paper No. FBC99-0114, May 1999, Savannah, Georgia, ISBN 079181962-0.
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1999. The influence of limestone addition on NOx and N2O emissions from a coal-fired circulating fluidized bed combustor In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, J. Werther (Ed.), ISBN 3-89746-003-3, pp 671-676, August 22-27, 1999, Würzburg, Germany.
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1998. The influence of limestone addition at different positions on gaseous emissions from a coal-fired circulating fluidized bed combustor Fuel. 77(14), 1569-1577
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1998. Reduction of N2O emissions from a coal-fired circulating fluidised bed combustor by afterburning Fuel. 77(14), 1579-1587
• LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1998. Reduction of N2O emissions from a coal-fired circulating fluidized bed combustor by secondary fuel injection PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE. 27, 3077-3083
• LIU, H, HAMPARTSOUMIAN, E and GIBBS, B.M., 1997. Evaluation of the Optimal Fuel Characteristics for Efficient NO Reduction by Coal Reburning Fuel. 76(11), 985-993
• LUAN, T., LIU, H, GIBBS, B.M. and HAMPARTSOUMIAN, E., 1996. Effect of Mixing on NOx Reduction by Natural Gas Reburning In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Transport Phenomena (ISTP-9) in Thermal-Fluids Engineering, pp 268-273, June 25-28 1996, Singapore, ISBN 0-9652469-0-6.
• LIU, H, HAMPARTSOUMIAN, E and GIBBS, B.M., 1995. The Significance of Rank on Coal Reburning for the Reduction of NO in A Drop Tube Furnace In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Transport Phenomena (ISTP-8) in Combustion, pp 329-340, San Francisco, USA, July, 16-20, 1995, ISBN 1-56032-456-2.
• LIU, H., HAMPARTSOUMIAN E. and GIBBS, B.M., 1995. Comparative Performance of Different Coals and Natural Gas for the Reduction of NO by Reburning In: Proceedings of The Institute of Energy's Second International Conference on Combustion & Emissions Control, pp 17-28, 3-5 December 1995, London, UK, ISBN 090 259 7493.
• LIU, H, LUAN, T., GIBBS, B.M. and HAMPARTSOUMIAN, E., 1995. 'An Experimental and Theoretical Study of NO Reduction by Natural Gas Reburning In: Proceedings of 3rd Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Combustion and Energy Utilisation', pp 109-114, 11-15 December, 1995, Hong Kong.
• HAMPARTSOUMIAN, E., LIU, H and GIBBS, B.M., 1995. The Effect of Reburning Coal Properties on the Reduction of NO in A Drop Tube Furnace In: Coal Science and Technology 24: Coal Science, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Coal Science, Elsevier, 1995, Vol. 2, pp 1779-1782, ISBN 0-444-82227-5.