Aidan O'Keeffe

Contact

• workRoom B13 Mathematical Sciences
  University Park
  Nottingham
  NG7 2RD
  UK
• work0115 9514936
• Aidan.O'Keeffe@nottingham.ac.uk

Recent Publications

• BARBER, J, O'KEEFFE, AG and LIVINGSTON, G, 2024. The START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) intervention for family carers of people with dementia: Evaluation, Statistical challenges and Impact. In: PHILIP J. ASTON, ed., More UK Success Stories in Industrial Mathematics Springer. (In Press.)
• ADELEKE, M, O'KEEFFE, AG and BAIO, G, 2023. Approaches to risk ratio estimation in a regression discontinuity design: Application to the prescription of statins for cholesterol reduction in UK Primary Care Statistical Methods in Medical Research.
• BINDING, LP, TAYLOR, PN, O'KEEFFE, AG, GIAMPICCOLO, D, FLEURY, M, XIAO, F, CACIAGLI, L, DE TISI, J, WINSTON, GP, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, A, DUNCAN, JS and VOS, SB, 2023. The Impact of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery on Picture Naming and its Relationship to Network Metric Change NeuroImage: Clinical. 38, 103444
• BINDING, LP, DASGUPTA, D, TAYLOR, PN, THOMPSON, PJ, O'KEEFFE, AG, DE TISI, J, MCEVOY, AW, MISEROCCHI, A, WINSTON, GP, DUNCAN, JS and VOS, SB, 2023. Contribution of White Matter Fiber Bundle Damage to Language Change After Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Neurology. 100, e1621-e1633,

• View all publications

• BARBER, J, O'KEEFFE, AG and LIVINGSTON, G, 2024. The START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) intervention for family carers of people with dementia: Evaluation, Statistical challenges and Impact. In: PHILIP J. ASTON, ed., More UK Success Stories in Industrial Mathematics Springer. (In Press.)
• ADELEKE, M, O'KEEFFE, AG and BAIO, G, 2023. Approaches to risk ratio estimation in a regression discontinuity design: Application to the prescription of statins for cholesterol reduction in UK Primary Care Statistical Methods in Medical Research.
• BINDING, LP, TAYLOR, PN, O'KEEFFE, AG, GIAMPICCOLO, D, FLEURY, M, XIAO, F, CACIAGLI, L, DE TISI, J, WINSTON, GP, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, A, DUNCAN, JS and VOS, SB, 2023. The Impact of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery on Picture Naming and its Relationship to Network Metric Change NeuroImage: Clinical. 38, 103444
• BINDING, LP, DASGUPTA, D, TAYLOR, PN, THOMPSON, PJ, O'KEEFFE, AG, DE TISI, J, MCEVOY, AW, MISEROCCHI, A, WINSTON, GP, DUNCAN, JS and VOS, SB, 2023. Contribution of White Matter Fiber Bundle Damage to Language Change After Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Neurology. 100, e1621-e1633,
• DASGUPTA, D, FINN, R, CHARI, A, GIAMPICCOLO, D, DE TISI, J, O'KEEFFE, AG, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, AW, VOS, SB and DUNCAN, JS, 2023. Hippocampal resection in Temporal Lobe epilepsy: do we need to resect the tail? Epilepsy Research. 190, 107086
• WENBORN, J, MOUNTAIN, G, MONIZ-COOK, E, POLAND, F, KING, M, OMAR, R, O'KEEFFE, A, MORRIS, S, PIZZO, E, MICHIE, S, VERNOOIJ-DASSEN, M, GRAFF, M, HILL, J, CHALLIS, D, RUSSELL, I, SACKLEY, C, HYNES, S, CRELLIN, N, MUNDY, J, BURGESS, J, SWINSON, T, DI BONA, L, FIELD, B, HART, C, STANSFELD, J, WALTON, H, ROOKS, S, LEDGERD, R and ORRELL, M, 2023. Community Occupational Therapy in Dementia intervention for people with mild to moderate dementia and their family carers in the UK: the VALID research programme including RCT NIHR Programme Grants for Applied Research. 11, 5
• ADELEKE, M, BAIO, G and O'KEEFFE, AG, 2022. Regression discontinuity designs for time-to-event outcomes: An approach using accelerated failure time models Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society). 185(3), 1216-1246
• KHOO, A, MARTIN, L, DE TISI, J, O'KEEFFE, AG, SANDER, JW and DUNCAN, JS, 2022. Cost of pre-surgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery: A single-center experience. Epilepsy Research. 182, 106910
• STERN, EP, HOST, LV, WANJIKU, I, ESCOTT, KJ, GILMOUR, PS, OCHIEL, R, UNWIN, R, BURNS, A, ONG, VH, CADIOU, H, O'KEEFFE, AG and DENTON, CP, 2022. Zibotentan in systemic sclerosis-associated chronic kidney disease: a phase II randomised placebo-controlled trial Arthritis Research and Therapy. 24, 130
• KHOO, A, DE TISI, J, FOONG, J, BINDMAN, D, O'KEEFFE, AG, SANDER, JW, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, AW and DUNCAN, JS, 2022. Long-term seizure, psychiatric and socioeconomic outcomes after frontal lobe epilepsy surgery Epilepsy Research. 186, 106998
• MARATHE, K, ALIM-MARVASTI, A, DAHELE, K, XIAO, F, BUCK, S, O'KEEFFE, AG, DUNCAN, JS and VAKHARIA, VN, 2021. Resective, Ablative and Radiosurgical Interventions for Drug Resistant Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Outcomes Frontiers in Neurology. 12, 777845
• KHOO, A, DE TISI, J, MANNAN, S, O'KEEFFE, AG, SANDER, JW and DUNCAN, JS, 2021. Seizure outcomes in people with drug-resistant focal epilepsy evaluated for surgery but do not proceed Epilepsy Research. 178, 106822
• KHOO, A, DE TISI, J, MANNAN, S, O'KEEFFE, AG, SANDER, JW and DUNCAN, JS, 2021. Reasons for not having epilepsy surgery Epilepsia. 62(12), 2909-2919
• VAKHARIA, VN, RODIONOV, R, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, AW, O'KEEFFE, A, GRANADOS, A, SHAPOORI, S, SPARKS, R, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, JS, 2021. Comparison of robotic and manual implantation of intracerebral electrodes: a single-centre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial Scientific Reports. 11, 17127
• WENBORN, J, O'KEEFFE, AG, MOUNTAIN, G, MONIZ-COOK, E, KING, M, OMAR, R, MUNDY, J, BURGESS, J, POLAND, F, MORRIS, S, PIZZO, E, VERNOOIJ-DASSEN, M, CHALLIS, D, MICHIE, S, RUSSELL, I, SACKLEY, C, GRAFF, M, SWINSON, T, CRELLIN, N, HYNES, S, STANSFELD, J and ORRELL, M, 2021. Community Occupational Therapy for people with dementia and family carers (COTiD-UK) versus treatment as usual (Valuing Active Life in Dementia [VALID]) study: a single-blind, randomised controlled trial PLoS Medicine. 18(1), e1003433
• GRANADOS, A, RODIONOV, R, VAKHARIA, V, MCEVOY, A, MISEROCCHI, A, O'KEEFFE, AG, DUNCAN, J, SPARKS, R and OURSELIN, S, 2020. Automated computation and analysis of accuracy metrics in stereoencephalography Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 340, 108710
• SERFATY, M, ASPDEN, T, SATCHELL, J, KESSEL, A, LAYCOCK, G, BREWIN, CR, BUSZEWICZ, M, O'KEEFFE, A, HUNTER, R, LEAVEY, G, CUMING-HIGGS, J, DRENNAN, V, RIVEROS, M, ANDREW, D and BLANCHARD, M, 2020. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of a Victim Improvement Package (VIP) for the reduction of chronic symptoms of depression or anxiety in older victims of common crime (the VIP trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial Trials. 21, 333
• WALLACE, AC, TALELLI, P, CROOK, L, AUSTIN, D, FARRELL, R, HOAD, D, O'KEEFFE, AG, MARSDEN, J, FITZPATRICK, R, GREENWOOD, R, ROTHWELL, J and WERRING, D, 2020. Exploratory randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of botulinum therapy on grasp release after Stroke (PrOMBiS) Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 34(1), 51-60,
• LIVINGSTON, G, MANELA, M, O'KEEFFE, A, RAPAPORT, P, COOPER, C, KNAPP, M, KING, D, ROMEO, R, WALKER, Z, HOE, J, MUMMERY, C and BARBER, J, 2020. Clinical effectiveness of the START (STrAtegies for RelaTives) psychological intervention for family carers and the effects on the cost of care for people with dementia: 6-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial British Journal of Psychiatry. 216, 35-42
• VAKHARIA, V, LI, K, SPARKS, R, O'KEEFFE, AG, PEREZ-GARCIA, F, FRANCA, LGS, ARONSON, J, GROSS, R, KO, A, MCKHANN II, G, SHARAN, A, SPENCER, D, WU, C, YOUNGERMAN, B, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, JS, 2019. Multicentre validation of automated trajectories for selective laser amygdalohippocampectomy Epilepsia. 60(9), 1949-1959
• VAKHARIA, VN, SPARKS, R, MISEROCCHI, A, VOS, SB, O'KEEFFE, A, RODIONOV, R, MCEVOY, AW, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, JS, 2019. Computer-Assisted Planning for Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). Neurotherapeutics. 16(4), 1183-1197
• GENELETTI, S, RICCIARDI, F, O'KEEFFE, AG and BAIO, G, 2019. Bayesian modelling for binary outcomes in the regression discontinuity design Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society). 182(3), 983-1002
• MANCINI, M, VOS, S, VAKHARIA, V, O'KEEFFE, A, TRIMMEL, K, BARKHOF, F, DORFER, C, SOMAN, S, WINSTON, G, WU, C, DUNCAN, J, SPARKS, R and OURSELIN, S, 2019. Automated fiber tract reconstruction for surgery planning: Extensive validation in language-related white matter tracts NeuroImage: Clinical. 23, 101883,
• RODIONOV, R, O'KEEFFE, A, NOWELL, M, RIZZI, M, VAKHARIA, V, WYKES, V, ERIKSSON, S, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, A, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, J, 2019. Increasing the accuracy of 3D EEG implantations Journal of Neurosurgery. 133(1), 35-42,
• EFTHYMIOU, M, ARACHCHILLAGE, DRJ, LANE, PJ, O'KEEFFE, AG, MCDONNELL, T, COHEN, H and MACKIE, IJ, 2018. Antibodies against TFPI and protein C are associated with a severe thrombotic phenotype in patients with and without antiphospholipid syndrome Thrombosis Research. 170, 60-80
• TENTOLOURIS-PIPERAS, V, LEE, G, READING, J, O'KEEFFE, AG, ZAKRZEWSKA, JM and CREGG, R, 2018. Adverse effects of anti-epileptics in trigeminal neuralgiform pain Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 137(6), 566-574,
• GRANADOS, A, VAKHARIA, V, RODIONOV, R, SCHWEIGER, M, VOS, SB, O KEEFFE, AG, LI, K, WU, C, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, AW, CLARKSON, MJ, DUNCAN, JS, SPARKS, R and OURSELIN, S, 2018. Automatic segmentation of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes post-implantation considering bending International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery. 13, 935-946
• VAKHARIA, VN, SPARKS, R, RODIONOV, R, VOS, SB, DORFER, C, MILLER, J, NILSSON, D, TISDALL, M, WOLFSBERGER, S, MCEVOY, AW, MISEROCCHI, A, WINSTON, GP, O'KEEFFE, AG, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, JS, 2018. Computer-assisted planning for the insertion of stereoelectroencephalography electrodes for the investigation of drug-resistant focal epilepsy: an external validation study Journal of Neurosurgery. 30(2), 601-610,
• WEIL, RS, SCHWARZKOPF, DSS, BAHRAMI, B, FLEMING, SM, JACKSON, BM, GOCH, TJC, SAYGIN, AP, MILLER, LE, PAPPA, K, PAVISIC, I, SCHADE, RN, NOYCE, AJ, CRUTCH, SJ, O'KEEFFE, AG, SCHRAG, AE and MORRIS, HR, 2018. Assessing cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson’s: An online tool to detect visuo-perceptual deficits Movement Disorders. 33(4), 544-553,
• VAKHARIA, VN, SPARKS, R, LI, K, O'KEEFFE, AG, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, AW, SPERLING, MR, SHARAN, A, OURSELIN, S, DUNCAN, JS and WU, C, 2018. Automated trajectory planning for laser interstitial thermal therapy in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy Epilepsia. 59(4), 814-824,
• JASSIL, FC, CARNEMOLLA, A, KINGETT, H, PATON, B, O'KEEFFE, AG, DOYLE, J, MORRIS, S, LEWIS, N, KIRK, A, PUCCI, A, CHAIYASOOT, K and BATTERHAM, RL, 2018. Protocol for a 1-year prospective, longitudinal cohort study of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: the BARI-LIFESTYLE observational study BMJ Open. 8(3), e020659
• VAKHARIA, VN, RODIONOV, R, MCEVOY, AW, MISEROCCHI, A, SPARKS, R, O'KEEFFE, AG, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, JS, 2018. Improving patient safety during introduction of novel medical devices through cumulative summation analysis Journal of Neurosurgery. 130(1), 213-219
• O'KEEFFE, AG, SU, L and FAREWELL, VT, 2018. Correlated multistate models for multiple processes: an application to renal disease progression in systemic lupus erythematosus Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics). 67(4), 841-860,
• FAIRCLOUGH, S, O'KEEFFE, AG, DE TISI, J and DUNCAN, J, 2017. Auras and the risk of seizures with impaired consciousness following epilepsy surgery: implications for driving Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 89, 599-602,
• O'KEEFFE, AG, AMBLER, G and BARBER, JA, 2017. Sample size calculations based on a difference in medians for positively skewed outcomes in health care studies. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 17, 157
• WEIL, RS, PAPPA, K, SCHADE, RN, SCHRAG, AE, BAHRAMI, B, SCHWARZKOPF, DS, CRUTCH, SJ, O'KEEFFE, AG and MORRIS, HR, 2017. The Cats-and-Dogs test: A tool to identify visuoperceptual deficits in Parkinson's disease Movement Disorders. 32(12), 1789-1790,
• SHAH, TT, O'KEEFFE, AG, GAO, C, MANNING, T, PEACOCK, A, CASHMAN, S, NAMBIAR, A, CUMBERBATCH, M, PICKARD, R, EROTOCRITOU, P, SMITH, D and KASIVISVANATHAN, V, 2017. A multi-centre cohort study evaluating the role of inflammatory Markers in patients presenting with acute ureteric Colic (MIMIC) International Journal of Surgery Protocols. 6, 1-4,
• VAKHARIA, VN, SPARKS, R, O'KEEFFE, AG, RODIONOV, R, MISEROCCHI, A, MCEVOY, A, OURSELIN, S and DUNCAN, J, 2017. Accuracy of intracranial electrode placement for stereoencephalography: A systematic review and meta-analysis Epilepsia. 58(6), 921-932
• DIANA, A, PILLAI, R, BONGIOANNI, P, O'KEEFFE, AG, MILLER, RG and MOORE, DH, 2017. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulators for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1, CD006049,
• WENBORN, J., HYNES, S., MONIZ-COOK, E., MOUNTAIN, G., POLAND, F., KING, M., OMAR, R., MORRIS, S., VERNOOIJ-DASSEN, M., CHALLIS, D., MICHIE, S., RUSSELL, I., SACKLEY, C., GRAFF, M., O'KEEFFE, A., CRELLIN, N. and ORRELL, M., 2016. Community occupational therapy for people with dementia and family carers (COTiD-UK) versus treatment as usual (Valuing Active Life in Dementia [VALID] programme):: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
• O'KEEFFE, AG, NAZARETH, I and PETERSEN, I, 2016. Time trends in the prescription of statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom: a cohort study using The Health Improvement Network primary care data Clinical Epidemiology. 123-132
• O'KEEFFE, AG, FAREWELL, DM, TOM, BDM and FAREWELL, VT, 2016. Multiple imputation of missing composite outcomes in longitudinal data Statistics in Biosciences. 8(2), 310-332,
• O'KEEFFE, AG and BAIO, G, 2016. Approaches to the Estimation of the Local Average Treatment Effect in a Regression Discontinuity Design Scandinavian Journal of Statistics: theory and applications. 43(4), 978-995,
• WENBORN, J, HYNES, S, MONIZ-COOK, E, MOUNTAIN, G, POLAND, F, KING, M, OMAR, R, MORRIS, S, VERNOOIJ-DASSEN, M, CHALLIS, D, MICHIE, S, RUSSELL, I, SACKLEY, C, GRAFF, M, O'KEEFFE, A, CRELLIN, N and ORRELL, M, 2016. Community occupational therapy for people with dementia and family carers (COTiD-UK) versus treatment as usual (Valuing Active Life in Dementia [VALID] programme): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial Trials. 17(1), 65
• HANLY, JG, O'KEEFFE, AG, SU, L, UROWITZ, MB, ROMERO-DIAZ, J, GORDON, C, BAE, S-C, BERNATSKY, S, CLARKE, AE, WALLACE, DJ, MERRILL, JT, ISENBERG, DA, RAHMAN, A, GINZLER, EM, FORTIN, P, GLADMAN, DD, SANCHEZ-GUERRERO, J, PETRI, M, BRUCE, IN, DOOLEY, MA, RAMSEY-GOLDMAN, R, ARANOW, C, ALARCON, GS, FESSLER, BJ, STEINSSON, K, NIVED, O, STURFELT, GK, MANZI, S, KHAMASHTA, MA, VAN VOLLENHOVEN, RF, ZOMA, AA, RAMOS-CASALS, M, RUIZ-IRASTORZA, G, LIM, SS, STOLL, T, INANC, M, KALUNIAN, KC, KAMEN, DL, MADDISON, P, PESCHKEN, CA, JACOBSEN, S, ASKANASE, A, BUYON, J, THERIAULT, C, THOMPSON, K and FAREWELL, V, 2016. The Frequency and Outcome of Lupus Nephritis. Results from an international, inception, cohort study Rheumatology. 55(2), 252-262
• GENELETTI, S, O'KEEFFE, AG, SHARPLES, LD, RICHARDSON, S and BAIO, G, 2015. Bayesian regression discontinuity designs: incorporating clinical knowledge in the causal analysis of primary care data Statistics in Medicine. 34(15), 2334-2352
• SCOTT, DL, IBRAHIM, F, FAREWELL, V, O'KEEFFE, AG, WALKER, D, KELLY, C, BIRRELL, F, CHAKRAVARTY, K, MADDISON, P, HESLIN, M, PATEL, A and KINGSLEY, GH, 2015. Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors versus combination intensive therapy with conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in established rheumatoid arthritis: TACIT non-inferiority randomised controlled trial BMJ. 350, h1046
• O'KEEFFE, AG, PETERSEN, I and NAZARETH, I, 2015. Initiation rates of statin therapy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: an assessment of differences between countries of the UK and between regions within England BMJ Open. 5(3), e007207
• BRUCE, IN, O'KEEFFE, AG, FAREWELL, V, HANLY, JG, MANZI, S, SU, L, GLADMAN, DD, BAE, SC, SANCHEZ-GUERRERO, J, ROMERO-DIAZ, J, GORDON, C, WALLACE, DJ, CLARKE, AE, BERNATSKY, S, GINZLER, EM, ISENBERG, DA, RAHMAN, A, MERRILL, JT, ALARCÓN, GS, FESSLER, BJ, FORTIN, PR, PETRI, M, STEINSSON, K, DOOLEY, MA, KHAMASHTA, MA, RAMSEY-GOLDMAN, R, ZOMA, AA, STURFELT, GK, NIVED, O, CYNTHIA, A, MACKAY, M, RAMOS-CASALS, M, VAN VOLLENHOVEN, RF, KALUNIAN, KC, RUIZ-IRASTORZA, G, LIM, S, KAMEN, DL, PESCHKEN, CA, INANC, M and UROWITZ, MB, 2014. Factors associated with damage accrual in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Inception Cohort Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 74, 1706-1713
• SCOTT, DL, IBRAHIM, F, FAREWELL, V, O’KEEFFE, AG, MA, M, WALKER, D, HESLIN, M, PATEL, A and KINGSLEY, G, 2014. Randomised controlled trial of Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors Against Combination Intensive Therapy with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in established rheumatoid arthritis: The TACIT trial and associated systematic reviews Health Technology Assessment. 18(66), 1-164
• O'KEEFFE, AG, GENELETTI, S, BAIO, G, SHARPLES, LD, NAZARETH, I and PETERSEN, I, 2014. Regression discontinuity designs: an approach to the evaluation of treatment efficacy in primary care using observational data. BMJ. 349, g5293
• HANLY, JG, UROWITZ, MB, O'KEEFFE, AG, GORDON, C, BAE, S-C, SANCHEZ-GUERRERO, J, ROMERO-DIAZ, J, CLARKE, AE, BERNATSKY, S, WALLACE, DJ, GINZLER, EM, ISENBERG, DA, RAHMAN, A, MERRILL, JT, PETRI, M, FORTIN, PR, GLADMAN, DD, FESSLER, BJ, ALARCON, GS, BRUCE, IN, DOOLEY, MA, STEINSSON, K, KHAMASHTA, MA, RAMSEY-GOLDMAN, R, MANZI, S, STURFELT, GK, NIVED, O, ZOMA, AA, VAN VOLLENHOVEN, RF, RAMOS-CASALS, M, ARANOW, C, MACKAY, M, RUIZ-IRASTORZA, G, KALUNIAN, KC, LIM, SS, INANC, M, KAMEN, DL, PESCHKEN, CA, JACOBSEN, S, THERIAULT, C, THOMPSON, K and FAREWELL, V, 2013. Headache in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Results From a Prospective, International Inception Cohort Study Arthritis and Rheumatism. 65(11), 2887-2897
• O'KEEFFE, AG, TOM, BDM and FAREWELL, VT, 2013. Mixture distributions in multi-state modelling: Some considerations in a study of psoriatic arthritis Statistics in Medicine. 32(4), 600-619
• KINGSLEY, GH, KOWALCZYK, A, TAYLOR, H, IBRAHIM, F, PACKHAM, JC, MCHUGH, NJ, MULHERIN, DM, KITAS, GD, CHAKRAVARTY, K, TOM, BDM, O'KEEFFE, AG, MADDISON, PJ and SCOTT, DL, 2012. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of methotrexate in psoriatic arthritis Rheumatology. 51(8), 1368-1377
• O'KEEFFE, AG, TOM, BDM and FAREWELL, VT, 2011. A case-study in the clinical epidemiology of psoriatic arthritis: Multistate models and causal arguments Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics). 60(5), 675-699