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Women and Independence in Latin America An exploration of women's involvement in the Latin American Wars of Independence |
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Women and Independence in Latin America An exploration of women's involvement in the Latin American Wars of Independence |
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Click on one of the images below to see the full-size image
 Buenos Aires, 1834 |
 Fan |
 María Eugenia Escalada |
Gender:Female
Ethnic origen: White
Events:
| 1781 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Not applicable | - | She was born in Buenos Aires 8 September 1781. |
| 1784 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Unknown | - | Her mother died. |
| 1797 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Unknown | - | She married José Demaría on 7 June 1797. |
| 1810 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Patriot | - | She contributed gold to the independence cause. |
| 1812 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Patriot | - | She donated money to buy arms for the independence troops. |
| 1812 | - | Tucumán | - | Patriot | - | She co-signed a letter from here in 1812 offering to buy arms for the patriots. |
| 1821 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Unknown | - | Her father died. |
| 1822 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Unknown | - | She died in Buenos Aires on 29 October 1822. |
Connections:
Complot de los fusilesBiography:
Born in Buenos Aires on 8 September 1781, the half-sister of Remedios Escalada de San Martín. She married José Demaría on 7 June 1797. In 1810 she joined other women in contributing 2 onzas of gold and in 1812 she gave a donation to buy arms for the troops at a meeting in her father's house. She died in Buenos Aires on 29 October 1822. (Sosa de Newton, 210)
In 1812 she was among a group of women who sewed uniforms for the patriot army. Several of these offered to buy weapons and they asked that their names be inscribed on them. Their accompanying note (below) was reproduced in the Gaceta Minist, No.12, 26 de junio de 1812. (Mitre, Obras completas, VII, 16-17)
She was the daughter of Antonio José de Escaleda and his first wife Petrona Salcedo niece of Viceroy Vértiz. Her mother died in 1784. She married José de María in 1797. Her father was the only member of the 1810 cabildo to vote against the viceroy and their home was a centre of pro-independence activity. Her father died in 1821. She took part in the small and hidden society of the salons. In 1812 she donated 2 onzas of gold to the independence cause. In 1812 the Argentine troops were struggling and Escalada was one of several women in Tucumán who offered to buy arms from the United States. The absence of her husband and political and social difficulties in the country meant that she became a recluse, living in silence until her death on 29 October 1822. (Carranza, 92-96)
References:
Carranza, Adolfo P. (1910) Patricias argentinas
Mitre, Bartolomé (1940) Obras completas de Bartolomé Mitre
Sosa de Newton, Lily (1986) Diccionario biográfico de mujeres argentinas