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Women and Independence in Latin America An exploration of women's involvement in the Latin American Wars of Independence |
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Women and Independence in Latin America An exploration of women's involvement in the Latin American Wars of Independence |
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Click on the image below to see the full-size image
 Buenos Aires, 1834 |
Gender:Male
Ethnic origen: White
Events:
| 1783 | - | Cadiz | - | Not applicable | - | He was born in Cadiz, Spain, on 10 January 1783. |
| 1822 | - | Lima | - | Unknown | - | He attended Manuela Rávago's tertulias in Lima around this time. |
| 1825-1826 | - | London | - | Unknown | - | He was part of an exile community in London from 1825-26. |
| 1827-1828 | - | Buenos Aires | - | Unknown | - | He was invited by President Rivadavia to live in Buenos Aires. He left in February 1828. |
| 1828 | - | Chile | - | Unknown | - | He moved to Chile on 10 February 1828. He drafted the 1828 Constitution. |
| 1828-1833 | - | Santiago de Chile | - | Unknown | - | He lived here from 1828 until after 1833. |
| 1828 | - | Bolivia | - | Unknown | - | He was in Bolivia after 1828. |
| 1831-1834 | - | Lima | - | Unknown | - | He founded El Ateneo de Perú and contributed to El Mercurio Peruano de Pando. |
| 1831 | - | Peru | - | Unknown | - | He arrived in Peru. |
| 1831-1834 | - | Lima | - | Unknown | - | He attended tertulias here. |
| 1840-1849? | - | Chile | - | Unknown | - | He was friends with Javiera Carrera in the 1840s. |
| 1864 | - | Madrid | - | Unknown | - | He died in Madrid, on 3 October 1864. |
Connections:
Bello opponentsTexts:
1824 - La Gimnástica del bello sexo o Ensayos sobre la educación física de las jóvenes
1828 - Canto fúnebre
Biography:
He was born Cadiz, Spain in 1783. He went into exile via England to Argentina, then to Chile. He arrived in Peru in 1831 where he was a great literary influence, founding El Ateneo de Perú and contributing to Pando's El Mercurio Peruano. He went to London as a commercial agent for the English government. (Romero de Valle, 215)
He went to Buenos Aires in 1827 at the invitation of President Rivadavia and he contributed to La Crónica Política y Literaria, the government's official newspaper. His wife, Francisca Delauneux, contributed to the opening of the Colegio Argentino, at which women were educated in the French and English style. When Rivadavia fell, he went to Chile (10 February 1828). There he organised the Sociedad de Lectura. When the remains of the Carrera brothers were sent back to Chile, he composed a hymn in praise of them, "Canto fúnebre". His wife founded a Colegio para Señoritas, and he created El Liceo de Chile, for men. He left Chile during Portales's presidency due to a clash of ideas. He went to Peru and then Bolivia. (Montes, Orlandi, 55-58)
A liberal, he edited Mercurio de Chile and tried to enact educational reform. Andres Bello was invited to Chile to oppose Mora in El Araucano. Mora opened a school, Liceo Nacional de Chile. (Coester, 196-198)
He attended Manuela Rávago's tertulias in Lima. (García y García, 324)
He edited El Correo Literario y Político de Londres, (1826) and El Museo Universal de Ciencias y Artes(1825-26). He left for Buenos Aires at the end of 1826 at Rivadavia's request and from there he went to Chile. He led the Constitution of 1828 and later went to Peru and Bolivia. In 1824 he wrote La Gimnástica del bello sexo o Ensayos sobre la educación física de las jóvenes, a manual of female education (extract below). He dedicated this publication to the Sociedad de Beneficiencia. He also wrote Economía política y Gramática castellana. (Viñao Frago, 315-317, 320)
He was friends with Javiera Carrera in Chile in the 1840s. (Vergara Quiroz, 230)
He died in Madrid in 1864.
References:
(1988) Historia de las relaciones educativas entre España y América
Coester, Alfred (1919) The Literary History of Spanish America
García y García, Elvira (1924) La mujer peruana a través de los siglos
Montes, Hugo and Orlandi, Julio (1969) Historia y antología de la literatura chilena
Romero de Valle, Emilia (1966) Diccionario manual de literatura peruana y materias afines
Vergara Quiroz, Sergio (1987) Cartas de mujeres en Chile, 1630-1885