Contact
Biography
Pauline Eadie is an Associate Professor at the University of Nottingham. She has a PhD in International Relations from Nottingham Trent University. She is Exams Officer for the School of Politics and International Relations.
Teaching Summary
Dr. Eadie is a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy.
She currently teaches Disasters, Politics and Society at UG (POLI3119) and PG (POLI4208) level. This module examines the relationship between natural hazards and human society, how and why disasters happen, and how the impact of disasters can be ameliorated.
This module examines key themes such as governance, technological innovation, urbanisation and migration, gender, culture and identity, global patterns of production and consumption, health and pandemics, race and class to understand why disasters impact upon different people in different ways. Vulnerability, risk, resilience, and capacity building are analysed in relation to national and international frameworks that seek to limit the impact of disasters and strengthen societies and improve the management of future hazards. Students are encouraged to identify their own case studies for research.
Dr. Eadie also teaches on Global Security (POLI2042) at second-year level and Global Asia (POLI4156) at PG level.
Research Summary
I am currently associated with the International Relations, Security and International History Research Group.
I recently completed a project investigating the aftermath of Typhoon Yolanda, which hit the Visayas region of the Philippines in November 2013. The official figures show that 6,293 individuals were reported dead, 1,061 missing and 28,689 were injured, vast areas of agricultural land was devastated and whole towns were destroyed. The typhoon affected 591 municipalities and the total damage was estimated at US$904,680,000. The total number of people affected by this disaster in terms of their livelihood, environmental and food security was approximately 16 million.
This project monitored the effectiveness of the Typhoon Yolanda relief efforts in the Philippines in relation to good governance and building sustainable routes out of poverty. This project focused on urban risk, vulnerability and resilience in the aftermath of Yolanda. Urban slum dwellers are extremely vulnerable to natural disasters. The key themes of the project were risk, vulnerability, resilience and shocks in relation to environmental disaster and pathways in and out of poverty. The urban poor are amongst the most at risk and yet least able to resurrect themselves after disasters. Vulnerability and risk are conditions that are heightened by poverty. Resilience especially is a complex variable that requires both social and material examination. Vulnerability and risk inform why and how poor people are exposed to natural disasters whilst resilience informs how they coped and how coping strategies can be supported and risk lessened. The Philippines is one of the most environmentally vulnerable countries in the world. It is regularly hit by typhoons.
Vulnerability and risk are conditions that are heightened by poverty. Vulnerability and risk inform why and how poor people are exposed to natural disasters whilst resilience informs how they coped and how coping strategies can be supported and risk lessened. This project will test the extent to which the notion of 'Building Back Better' is credible.
The project assessed the political economy of domestic public spending and international and transnational relief funding as it relates to post-disaster reconstruction and sustainable poverty alleviation. This relates to effective governance and physical and social resilience.
The project identified the extent to which resource allocation can go beyond disaster 'relief' and build sustainable livelihoods beyond the immediate aftermath of the disaster. It assessed the extent to which disaster relief funding is related to need and what factors dictate the efficient allocation of funds over the immediate and medium-term. It also assessed whether communities have actually been built back better and if not then why not. The project will engaged with the theoretical framework of human security e.g. in relation to food, health, environmental, personal, and community security but also individual and community resilience and agency.
This project was awarded an ESRC/DFID Joint Fund Poverty Alleviation grant (ES/M008932/1, £347,000.00). Dr. Pauline Eadie is Primary Investigator and Dr. May Tan-Mullins (University of Nottingham, Ningbo) and Dr. Maria Ela Atienza (University of the Philippines Diliman) are Co-Investigators . Project funding ran for three years from March 2015. Please see my publication list for outputs.
Recent Publications
TAN-MULLINS, MAY, ATIENZA, MARIA ELA and EADIE, PAULINE, 2021. Evolving Social Capital and Networks in the Post Disaster Rebuilding Process Asia Pacific Viewpoint. 62(1), 56-71 EADIE, PAULINE, ATIENZA, MARIA ELA and TAN-MULLINS, MAY, 2020. Livelihood and Vulnerability in the Wake of Typhoon Yolanda: Lessons of Community and Resilience Natural Hazards. 103(1), 211-230
I am happy to supervise topics on any aspect of human or critical security including terrorism in this respect.I am also interested in supervising students that wish to work on environmental issues, disaster relief and resilience in the aftermath of disasters. I have a special interest in the Philippines. I am also willing to supervise work informed by the writings of Karl Polanyi and the Copenhagen School.
Past PhD Students:
Michael Brodie
Winner of the School of Politics and International Relations Best Thesis Prize 2013.
Title: Reconciliation in Ethnic Conflict through Identity Formation: Michaels's research lies in the field of ethnic conflict, conflict resolution and the politics of Southeast Asia. He is interested in non-traditional regional security issues and the role of non-state actors in the region. He is also concerned as to how social identities are constructed, reconstructed and manipulated, and why they can come to justify hostility and violence against others. His PhD investigates the interaction of regional non-state actors with the process of ethnic identity construction in the recent ethnonationalist conflict in Aceh (Indonesia) and the continuing conflict in Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago (The Philippines). His research tests the 'symbolic politics' explanation of ethnic conflict with reference to the two conflicts. It also attempts to broaden the theory by examining the way myths, symbols and perceptions, held by ethnic groups, are affected by the presence and activity of militant Islamic groups who promote and/or engage in acts of terrorism, and who are not directly active in the conflicts themselves
Peter Cruttenden
Structural Violence and Migration in the Americas: A Critical Security Studies Perspective
Peter's research examines the causal relationship between the presence of structural violence during the era of neoliberal globalisation in Mexico and Central America, human insecurity and migration by undocumented persons to the United States. By using Galtung's theory of structural violence as a point of departure and the utilization of critical realism and embedded ethnography as methodological approaches, the research will attempt to address the issue of inter-American migration by engaging both the critical security literature and the contemporary migration literature. It is hoped that the research will not only provide an alternative explanation for migration to the United States, but will also examine and explore the prospects for popular strategies to confront structural violence within Mexico and Central America as a result of the United States' intensified and militarised border enforcement.
OanaPop
Oana's thesis examines the extent to which a country's international political actions and messages towards a specific ethnic and/or religious group during consecutive administrations have the potential to affect the way foreign audiences perceive that country, its government, its people, its culture and products. Specifically Oana's research analyses why the United States (the U.S.) has progressively lost the sympathy and support of the global audience soon after the biggest event at the end of the Cold War - the First Gulf War, hence after the Bush Senior Administration, during the Clinton and Bush Jr. mandates, and will examine how it managed to gradually recapture hearts and minds worldwide after the election of President Obama.
Anisa Santoso
Anisa's main focus is in the governing of migrant workers in ASEAN with the case study of Indonesia and the making of a regional policy framework on migrant workers. In this research she seeks to explain the behaviour of major governments in the process of formulating a regional level policy on migrant workers. In order to do this she seeks to explore the influences of domestic and regional aspects into government's attitude towards the making of this foreign social policy.
Caryl Thompson
A Necessary Evil: The Copenhagen School and the Construction of Migrants as Security Threats in Political Elite Discourse
The migration of people across national borders has expanded and diversified over the past thirty years and is increasingly regarded by national governments as a security issue. Caryl's thesis examines the ways in which migration is articulated as a threat to security and explores the nature of those threats. It will assess how states that are dependent on migrant labor to support economic growth and have relatively large immigrant intakes, balance the tensions between their economic interests and political, economic and societal threats encountered by large and diverse inflows of migrants. It will examine how states "securitise" the issue of migration by critically assessing and challenging the analytical framework of security developed by the Copenhagen School. It will analyse inward migration in the Asia-Pacific region through a cross-national comparison of three states, Malaysia, Singapore and Australia, using Critical Discourse Analysis to examine a corpus of texts relating to how migration is articulated as a security threat in public discourse.
Ali Wibisono
Title: Securitization of Terrorism in Indonesia
This study explores the securitisation of terrorism in Indonesia in the aftermath of the 2002 Bali bombings. The securitising move attempted by the government of President Megawati Sukarnoputri through the promulgation of By-Laws 1/2002 and 2/2002 on Terrorism Crime Eradication and their stipulation as statutes in 2003 are examined in this study. This study also examines the discussion of the meaning of and appropriate responses to terrorism in Indonesia's mainstream print media before (1998-2002) and after (2003-2010) with reference to the securitisation process. The goal of this thesis was to illustrate the continuing influence of the political meaning of terrorism on the articulated speech act of the government and the responses of the audiences.
This study shows that the political interpretation of terrorism continually appears on its treatment as a public issue, politicised issue and securitised issue. Before its securitisation, terrorism was interpreted as politically motivated violence intended to create disorder and communal conflicts, destabilise the executive power, thwart the effort to put former President Suharto on trial, and discredit Indonesian Islam as the perpetrators are described as belonging to an Islamic group. In the aftermath of the 2002 Bali bombings, these political interpretations were overcome by the securitisation of terrorism as an extra-ordinary crime. The choice of language (repertoire) of the government's securitising move indicated an absence of presentation of an existential threat to state's survival. Instead, it emphasised the lack of legal instruments in responding to terrorism as an extra-ordinary crime. The securitising move also eliminated the political meaning of the concept of terrorism as By-Law 1/2002 on Terrorism Eradication Law adopted the exclusion of terrorism crime from political violence.
Katrina Kelly
Ecological modernisation: Engraining Environmental benefits into the Global Economy
This thesis seeks to understand the impact of economic ideas on the climate mitigation strategies of the European Union and the United States from 1992-2012. Specifically, this research seeks to clarify the place of the EU in climate leadership, and seeks to understand why the US has continuously failed to implement federal climate policy. This thesis approaches the investigation through the lens of studying policy instruments. It systemically compares the instrumentation implemented in both the EU and the US to understand how two similarly constructed world economies could have ended up in such different places; one hailed as a climate leader, the other criticised for their lack of initiative in carbon emissions reductions. This thesis defends the stance of the EU as a leader in climate policy, and particularly takes the notion that the EU should be hailed as an intellectual leader due to their reconceptualization of economy; as such, this work supports the notion that ideas, as opposed to interests, are the catalysts to change.
Suyani Indriastuti
Foreign Direct Investment and Human Security
(A Case Study of the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Mining on Human Security at the Local Community Level in Indonesia)
This thesis investigates the relationship between FDI and human welfare. FDI has impacted upon the well-being of communities in living in close proximity to mines in Indonesia. This thesis will investigate the uneven power relations between the Indonesian state and multi-national mining corporations. The thesis will test the extent to which corporate power undermines human well-being at the local level and the role of the state in this trend. A lack of well-being can be understood as human insecurity which can include impoverishment, illiteracy, illness and physical violence. This research investigates the impact of FDI in mining on human security of local communities in Indonesia and why this matters. Moreover, it also examines how the Indonesian state mediates the balance between attracting FDI whilst also ensuring human security. The research follows the Japanese approach to human security which focuses on freedom from want or a need-based approach.
Jing Cheng
Chinese Cyber Nationalism: The Discursive Construction of Chinese Nationalism in the Internet Era
Jing's research focuses on the rise of Chinese nationalism on the Internet, the anti-Japanese nationalism in particular. It attempts to build an inter-disciplinary conceptual framework and move beyond the dichotomy between the top-down official nationalism and the bottom-up popular nationalism. Specifically, her research looks into how the notion of Self and Other is represented discursively in online forums and blogs, and how the "mythscape" of the past is (re)constructed in the negotiations and interactions between officials, intellectuals and netizens. By adopting Critical Discourse Analysis, the study attempts to explore the complex nature of Chinese nationalism and uncover the underlying power dynamics between elite and non-elite actors in contemporary China.
Past Research
I was a member of the People's International Observer's Mission (PIOM) for the Philippines National Elections in May 2010. This was a non-partisan organization of nearly 100 international observers plus many Filipinos. We were assigned to bear witness to the effectiveness of the newly automated voting system, the first of its kind in Asia. Findings were published in the European Journal of East Asian Studies (please see publications).
Future Research
Dr. Eadie is currently developing a project entitled 'Rights, Resilience and Equity During Covid-19: Women and Girls in Affected Low-Income Communities in the Philippines' with Dr. Yvonne Su at the University of York, Toronto, Prof. Nymia Pimentel-Simbulan at the University of the Philippines Manila, and the NGO PhilRights in the Philippines.
The UN and the World Bank have called for action to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 on gender equality. This project will gather urgently needed data on the impact of COVID-19, e.g. on well-being, livelihood, hunger, health, domestic violence and education.
The Philippines has the second highest COVID-19 death rate in Southeast Asia. Transmission is highest in the National Capital Region (NCR), which has a population of 13 million, 4.5 million of whom live in slums. The NCR is characterised by extreme density and a lack of sanitation. These conditions combined with COVID-19 have exacerbated pre-existing gender and social inequalities but these issues and their solutions are not yet fully understood. We aim to assess the factors that exacerbate vulnerability and risk in relation to COVID-19 for women and girls. We will also assess the extent to which these communities have managed to reduce vulnerability for women and girls. We aim to co-create best practice recommendations that will help mitigate risk and build resilience to future pandemics.
Please see initial working paper here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357746678_Challenges_to_Resilience_Rights_and_Equity_during_COVID-19_Women_in_Affected_Low-Income_Urban_Communities_in_the_Philippines_1
This project has been awarded £7500 ESRC Mode B pilot project funding.