Robert ("Bob") Lloyd

Contact

• workMedical School
  Queen's Medical Centre
  Nottingham
  NG7 2UH
  UK
• Bob.Lloyd@nottingham.ac.uk

Biography

Robert G Lloyd FRS (elected Fellow of The Royal Society in 2000)

Current Professional Activities

Scientific Advisory Board of the Michael Bishop Institute for Cancer Research, Chengdu, China (2017-2020); Royal Society Newton Advanced Fellowship Panel: Biological Sciences (2015-2020); Royal Society Sectional Committee (2016-2019).

Education and Appointments

Emeritus Professor, University of Nottingham 2017- ; Research Professor, University of Nottingham 2012-2016; Professor of Genetics, University of Nottingham 1997 - 2011; Royal Society Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellow 1996-1997; Professor of Genetics and Head of Department, University of Nottingham 1993-1996; Wellcome Trust Research Leave Fellow, University of Nottingham 1988-1992; Professor of Genetics, University of Nottingham 1990 -1992; Reader in Genetics, University of Nottingham 1985-1990; Lecturer in Genetics, University of Nottingham 1974-1985; N.S.F. Postdoctoral Research Associate in Radiobiology, Yale University 1973-1974; Guinness Research Fellow in Microbiology, University of Oxford 1971-1973; D.Phil. (Microbial Genetics), University of Sussex 1968-1971; B.Sc. 1st class honours (Microbiology), University of Bristol 1965-1968.

Research Summary

Robert Lloyd is a bacterial geneticist who applied molecular, biochemical and structural methods over a 42-year career at Nottingham to study DNA recombination, replication and repair. He modeled how… read more

Selected Publications

• MYKA, K. K., HAWKINS, M., SYEDA, A. H., GUPTA, M. K., MEHARG, C., DILLINGHAM, M. S., SAVERY, N. J., LLOYD, R. G. and MCGLYNN, P., 2017. Inhibiting translation elongation can aid genome duplication in Escherichia coli: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 45(5), 2571-2584
• LLOYD, R. G. and RUDOLPH, C. J., 2016. 25 years on and no end in sight: a perspective on the role of RecG protein: Curr Genet Curr Genet. 62(4), 827-840
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L., STOCKUM, A., NIEDUSZYNSKI, C. A. and LLOYD, R. G., 2013. Avoiding chromosome pathology when replication forks collide: Nature Nature. 500(7464), 608-11
• GUPTA, M. K., GUY, C. P., YEELES, J. T., ATKINSON, J., BELL, H., LLOYD, R. G., MARIANS, K. J. and MCGLYNN, P., 2013. Protein-DNA complexes are the primary sources of replication fork pausing in Escherichia coli: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110(18), 7252-7

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Current Research

Robert Lloyd is a bacterial geneticist who applied molecular, biochemical and structural methods over a 42-year career at Nottingham to study DNA recombination, replication and repair. He modeled how the genetic material of an organism - its genome - is transmitted faithfully from one generation to the next.

Recombination is a vital evolutionary process that acts both to preserve genome integrity and to generate genetic diversity. Robert discovered many of the key genes associated with homologous recombination and recombination-dependent repair of damaged DNA in the bacterium Escherichia coli. His studies of the recR and recN genes shed light on the factors that facilitate initiation of recombination and DNA-break repair while his studies of ruv and recG established the critical role of the RuvABC protein complex and of the RecG helicase in processing DNA Holliday junction structures. This work paved the way towards an understanding of equivalent processes in human cells.

His discovery of the sbcC and sbcD genes and of their role in palindrome-mediated inviability laid the foundations for analysis of the SbcCD proteins in E. coli and of their RAD50 and MRE11 homologues in yeast and man where they orchestrate repair of DNA double-strand breaks and V(D)J recombination within the immune system.

Damage to DNA is unavoidable and can destabilise the genome, a common cause of cancer in human cells. Robert discovered that the E. coli enzyme RecG - which unwinds Holliday junctions and a number of other branched DNA structures - is an important player in genome maintenance. His research has also described how how conflicts between the protein machines associated with DNA replication and transcription are avoided or limited, or resolved when such conflicts do occur and threaten viability.

Past Research

Research Awards

MRC Programme (£801,251; 01/01/2009 - 31/12/2011) Maintaining genome integrity: Avoiding pathological consequences during DNA replication and repair.

MRC Programme (£1,855,794; 2003/2008) Genomic instability: Interplay between DNA replication, recombination and repair.

Wellcome Trust Project (£316,166; 2001-2004) Genome dynamics and the interplay between DNA replication, transcription and repair.

Wellcome Trust Project (£125,210; 2001-2003) Development of a genetic and molecular system to study homologous recombination and DNA repair in Archaea using Haloferax volcannii as a model organism.

BBSRC Committee Studentship (~£40,000; 2001 - 2004)

MRC Quota Studentship (~£40,000; 2002-2005)

BBSRC Committee Studentship (~£40,000; 2003 -2006)

MRC Programme (£1,481,220; 1998/2003) Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions In Genetic Recombination and DNA Repair.

MRC Equipment Grant (£50,000) - supplement to MRC programme.

MRC Consumables Grant (£28,750) - supplement to MRC programme grant

Royal Society-Leverhulme Trust (£23,001; 1996/97) Senior Research Leave Fellowship.

MRC Project (£270,301; 1995/98) DNA-helicase activity in genetic recombination and DNA repair

BBSRC (Project £154,820; 1995/98) Recognition and resolution of Holliday intermediates by junction-targeted recombination proteins.

British Council (£45,000; 1995/98) Genetic recombination in Escherichia coli: Resolution of recombination intermediates.

MRC (£6,000, 1995) Supplement to 1992 grant

BBSRC Project (£75,543; 1994/97) Processing of intermediates in recombination and DNA repair.

Wellcome Trust (£111,992, 1994) DNA-protein interactions in genetic recombination and gene expression.

Royal Society (£9,929; 1992) The enzymology of genetic recombination

British Council (£2,796; 1994). Support for visiting postdoctoral visitor.

Royal Society (£10,000; 1994) The enzymology of recombination - equipment grant

The Wellcome Trust (£50,377; 1993/96) Prize studentship - Mr Simon Vincent.

SERC (£111,339; 1992/95) Molecular pathways of recombination.

MRC Project (£178,964; 1992/95) Protein-DNA interactions in recombination and DNA repair.

SERC Project (£84,774; 1992/95) Genetic recombination: The formation and resolution of Holliday intermediates.

The Wellcome Trust (£24,771; 1991/92) Extension of Research Leave Fellowship

The Wellcome Trust (£2987; 1991) Equipment grant

MRC Project (£107,078, 1989/92) Molecular biology of recombination and DNA repair

SERC (£71,220; 1989/92) Molecular biology, enzymology and regulation of inducible recombination and DNA repair

The Wellcome Trust (£64,397; 1988/91) Research Leave Fellowship

SERC Project (£57,815; 1988/91) Analysis of sbcC, a gene that interferes with stable propagation of palindromes in E. coli host cell systems

SERC Project (£7,410; 1987/88) The RecN protein of E. coli - purification and preliminary studies

SERC Project (£42,823; 1985/89) Inducible recombination in E. coli: analysis of ruv and sbcC genes

SERC Project (£64,771; 1984/87) Inducible recombination and repair of DNA double-strand breaks

SERC Project (£57,500; 1982/85) Analysis of inducible recombination in E. coli

SERC Project (£26, 310; 1981/84) Analysis of DNA repair and mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

SERC Project (£24,918; 1978/81) Genetic control of recombination in Escherichia coli

SERC Project (£13,979; 1975/78) Analysis of recombination in Escherichia coli.

Awards Sponsored

Royal Society University Research Fellowship to Dr Thorsten Allers (£450,000; 2002-2010)

Wellcome Trust Career Development Award to Dr Karen Bunting (£441,375: 2005/2009)

Wellcome Trust Career Development Award to Dr Edward Bolt (£373,000: 2002/2006)

Lister Institute - Jenner Fellowship to Dr Peter McGlynn (£224,000; 2000-2005)

MRC Career Establishment Award to Dr Peter McGlynn (£548,000; 2001-2006)

MRC Quota Studentships to Institute of Genetics: 2 for 2001-2004, 2 for 2002-2005, 2 for 2003-2006: approximate value £200,000.

Royal Society University Research Fellowship to Dr Gary Sharples (£252,000; (1992-2000)

• MIDGLEY-SMITH SL, DIMUDE JU, TAYLOR T, FORRESTER NM, UPTON AL, LLOYD RG and RUDOLPH CJ, 2018. Chromosomal over-replication in Escherichia coli recG cells is triggered by replication fork fusion and amplified if replichore symmetry is disturbed. Nucleic acids research. 46(15), 7701-7715
• MYKA, K. K., HAWKINS, M., SYEDA, A. H., GUPTA, M. K., MEHARG, C., DILLINGHAM, M. S., SAVERY, N. J., LLOYD, R. G. and MCGLYNN, P., 2017. Inhibiting translation elongation can aid genome duplication in Escherichia coli: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 45(5), 2571-2584
• SYEDA, A. H., ATKINSON, J., LLOYD, R. G. and MCGLYNN, P., 2016. The Balance between Recombination Enzymes and Accessory Replicative Helicases in Facilitating Genome Duplication: Genes (Basel) Genes (Basel). 7(8),
• LLOYD, R. G. and RUDOLPH, C. J., 2016. 25 years on and no end in sight: a perspective on the role of RecG protein: Curr Genet Curr Genet. 62(4), 827-840
• UPTON, A. L., GROVE, J. I., MAHDI, A. A., BRIGGS, G. S., MILNER, D. S., RUDOLPH, C. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2014. Cellular location and activity of Escherichia coli RecG proteins shed light on the function of its structurally unresolved C-terminus: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 42(9), 5702-14
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L., STOCKUM, A., NIEDUSZYNSKI, C. A. and LLOYD, R. G., 2013. Avoiding chromosome pathology when replication forks collide: Nature Nature. 500(7464), 608-11
• GUPTA, M. K., GUY, C. P., YEELES, J. T., ATKINSON, J., BELL, H., LLOYD, R. G., MARIANS, K. J. and MCGLYNN, P., 2013. Protein-DNA complexes are the primary sources of replication fork pausing in Escherichia coli: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110(18), 7252-7
• STOCKUM, A., LLOYD, R. G. and RUDOLPH, C. J., 2012. On the viability of Escherichia coli cells lacking DNA topoisomerase I: BMC Microbiol BMC Microbiol. 12, 26
• MAHDI, A. A., BRIGGS, G. S. and LLOYD, R. G., 2012. Modulation of DNA damage tolerance in Escherichia coli recG and ruv strains by mutations affecting PriB, the ribosome and RNA polymerase: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 86(3), 675-91
• ATKINSON, J., GUPTA, M. K., RUDOLPH, C. J., BELL, H., LLOYD, R. G. and MCGLYNN, P., 2011. Localization of an accessory helicase at the replisome is critical in sustaining efficient genome duplication: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 39(3), 949-57
• ZHANG, J., MAHDI, A. A., BRIGGS, G. S. and LLOYD, R. G., 2010. Promoting and avoiding recombination: contrasting activities of the Escherichia coli RuvABC Holliday junction resolvase and RecG DNA translocase: Genetics Genetics. 185(1), 23-37
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L., BRIGGS, G. S. and LLOYD, R. G., 2010. Is RecG a general guardian of the bacterial genome?: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 9(3), 210-23
• RUDOLPH, C. J., MAHDI, A. A., UPTON, A. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2010. RecG protein and single-strand DNA exonucleases avoid cell lethality associated with PriA helicase activity in Escherichia coli: Genetics Genetics. 186(2), 473-92
• BRIGGS, G. S., YU, J., MAHDI, A. A. and LLOYD, R. G., 2010. The RdgC protein employs a novel mechanism involving a finger domain to bind to circular DNA: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 38(19), 6433-46
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2009. Replication fork collisions cause pathological chromosomal amplification in cells lacking RecG DNA translocase: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 74(4), 940-55
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L., HARRIS, L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2009. Pathological replication in cells lacking RecG DNA translocase: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 73(3), 352-66
• GUY, C. P., ATKINSON, J., GUPTA, M. K., MAHDI, A. A., GWYNN, E. J., RUDOLPH, C. J., MOON, P. B., VAN KNIPPENBERG, I. C., CADMAN, C. J., DILLINGHAM, M. S., LLOYD, R. G. and MCGLYNN, P., 2009. Rep provides a second motor at the replisome to promote duplication of protein-bound DNA: Mol Cell Mol Cell. 36(4), 654-66
• GROVE, J. I., WOOD, S. R., BRIGGS, G. S., OLDHAM, N. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2009. A soluble RecN homologue provides means for biochemical and genetic analysis of DNA double-strand break repair in Escherichia coli: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 8(12), 1434-43
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2008. Maintaining replication fork integrity in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli cells: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 7(9), 1589-602
• IZHAR, L., GOLDSMITH, M., DAHAN, R., GEACINTOV, N., LLOYD, R. G. and LIVNEH, Z., 2008. Analysis of strand transfer and template switching mechanisms of DNA gap repair by homologous recombination in Escherichia coli: predominance of strand transfer: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 381(4), 803-9
• GROVE, J. I., HARRIS, L., BUCKMAN, C. and LLOYD, R. G., 2008. DNA double strand break repair and crossing over mediated by RuvABC resolvase and RecG translocase: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 7(9), 1517-30
• RUDOLPH, C. J., UPTON, A. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2007. Replication fork stalling and cell cycle arrest in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli: Genes Dev Genes Dev. 21(6), 668-81
• RUDOLPH, C. J., DHILLON, P., MOORE, T. and LLOYD, R. G., 2007. Avoiding and resolving conflicts between DNA replication and transcription: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 6(7), 981-93
• MACHWE, A., XIAO, L., LLOYD, R. G., BOLT, E. and ORREN, D. K., 2007. Replication fork regression in vitro by the Werner syndrome protein (WRN): holliday junction formation, the effect of leading arm structure and a potential role for WRN exonuclease activity: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 35(17), 5729-47
• BRIGGS, G. S., MCEWAN, P. A., YU, J., MOORE, T., EMSLEY, J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2007. Ring structure of the Escherichia coli DNA-binding protein RdgC associated with recombination and replication fork repair: J Biol Chem J Biol Chem. 282(17), 12353-7
• MAHDI, A. A., BUCKMAN, C., HARRIS, L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2006. Rep and PriA helicase activities prevent RecA from provoking unnecessary recombination during replication fork repair: Genes Dev Genes Dev. 20(15), 2135-47
• MACMASTER, R., SEDELNIKOVA, S., BAKER, P. J., BOLT, E. L., LLOYD, R. G. and RAFFERTY, J. B., 2006. RusA Holliday junction resolvase: DNA complex structure--insights into selectivity and specificity: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 34(19), 5577-84
• WEN, Q., MAHDI, A. A., BRIGGS, G. S., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2005. Conservation of RecG activity from pathogens to hyperthermophiles: DNA Repair (Amst) DNA Repair (Amst). 4(1), 23-31
• TRAUTINGER, B. W., JAKTAJI, R. P., RUSAKOVA, E. and LLOYD, R. G., 2005. RNA polymerase modulators and DNA repair activities resolve conflicts between DNA replication and transcription: Mol Cell Mol Cell. 19(2), 247-58
• TESSMER, I., MOORE, T., LLOYD, R. G., WILSON, A., ERIE, D. A., ALLEN, S. and TENDLER, S. J., 2005. AFM studies on the role of the protein RdgC in bacterial DNA recombination: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 350(2), 254-62
• MEDDOWS, T. R., SAVORY, A. P., GROVE, J. I., MOORE, T. and LLOYD, R. G., 2005. RecN protein and transcription factor DksA combine to promote faithful recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 57(1), 97-110
• BRIGGS, G. S., MAHDI, A. A., WEN, Q. and LLOYD, R. G., 2005. DNA binding by the substrate specificity (wedge) domain of RecG helicase suggests a role in processivity: J Biol Chem J Biol Chem. 280(14), 13921-7
• MOORE, T., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2004. DNA binding by the meningococcal RdgC protein, associated with pilin antigenic variation: J Bacteriol J Bacteriol. 186(3), 870-4
• MEDDOWS, T. R., SAVORY, A. P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2004. RecG helicase promotes DNA double-strand break repair: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 52(1), 119-32
• BRIGGS, G. S., MAHDI, A. A., WELLER, G. R., WEN, Q. and LLOYD, R. G., 2004. Interplay between DNA replication, recombination and repair based on the structure of RecG helicase: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 359(1441), 49-59
• ALLERS, T., NGO, H. P., MEVARECH, M. and LLOYD, R. G., 2004. Development of additional selectable markers for the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii based on the leuB and trpA genes: Appl Environ Microbiol Appl Environ Microbiol. 70(2), 943-53
• RAFFERTY, J. B., BOLT, E. L., MURANOVA, T. A., SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., LEONARD, P., PASQUO, A., BAKER, P. J., RICE, D. W., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2003. The structure of Escherichia coli RusA endonuclease reveals a new Holliday junction DNA binding fold: Structure Structure. 11(12), 1557-67
• MURANOVA, T. A., SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., LEONARD, P. M., PASQUO, A., BOLT, E. L., LLOYD, R. G. and RAFFERTY, J. B., 2003. Crystallization of RusA Holliday junction resolvase from Escherichia coli: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 59(Pt 12), 2262-4
• MOORE, T., MCGLYNN, P., NGO, H. P., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2003. The RdgC protein of Escherichia coli binds DNA and counters a toxic effect of RecFOR in strains lacking the replication restart protein PriA: EMBO J EMBO J. 22(3), 735-45
• MAHDI, A. A., BRIGGS, G. S., SHARPLES, G. J., WEN, Q. and LLOYD, R. G., 2003. A model for dsDNA translocation revealed by a structural motif common to RecG and Mfd proteins: EMBO J EMBO J. 22(3), 724-34
• JAKTAJI, R. P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2003. PriA supports two distinct pathways for replication restart in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli cells: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 47(4), 1091-100
• TRAUTINGER, B. W. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Modulation of DNA repair by mutations flanking the DNA channel through RNA polymerase: EMBO J EMBO J. 21(24), 6944-53
• SHARPLES, G. J., BOLT, E. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. RusA proteins from the extreme thermophile Aquifex aeolicus and lactococcal phage r1t resolve Holliday junctions: Mol Microbiol Mol Microbiol. 44(2), 549-59
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Replicating past lesions in DNA: Mol Cell Mol Cell. 10(4), 700-1
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Recombinational repair and restart of damaged replication forks: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 3(11), 859-70
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Genome stability and the processing of damaged replication forks by RecG: Trends Genet Trends Genet. 18(8), 413-9
• INGLESTON, S. M., DICKMAN, M. J., GRASBY, J. A., HORNBY, D. P., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Holliday junction binding and processing by the RuvA protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Eur J Biochem Eur J Biochem. 269(5), 1525-33
• GREGG, A. V., MCGLYNN, P., JAKTAJI, R. P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Direct rescue of stalled DNA replication forks via the combined action of PriA and RecG helicase activities: Mol Cell Mol Cell. 9(2), 241-51
• DICKMAN, M. J., INGLESTON, S. M., SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., RAFFERTY, J. B., LLOYD, R. G., GRASBY, J. A. and HORNBY, D. P., 2002. The RuvABC resolvasome: Eur J Biochem Eur J Biochem. 269(22), 5492-501
• BOLT, E. L. and LLOYD, R. G., 2002. Substrate specificity of RusA resolvase reveals the DNA structures targeted by RuvAB and RecG in vivo: Mol Cell Mol Cell. 10(1), 187-98
• MCGLYNN, P., LLOYD, R. G. and MARIANS, K. J., 2001. Formation of Holliday junctions by regression of nascent DNA in intermediates containing stalled replication forks: RecG stimulates regression even when the DNA is negatively supercoiled: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98(15), 8235-40
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2001. Action of RuvAB at replication fork structures: J Biol Chem J Biol Chem. 276(45), 41938-44
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2001. Rescue of stalled replication forks by RecG: simultaneous translocation on the leading and lagging strand templates supports an active DNA unwinding model of fork reversal and Holliday junction formation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98(15), 8227-34
• BOLT, E. L., LLOYD, R. G. and SHARPLES, G. J., 2001. Genetic analysis of an archaeal Holliday junction resolvase in Escherichia coli: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 310(3), 577-89
• MCGLYNN, P., MAHDI, A. A. and LLOYD, R. G., 2000. Characterisation of the catalytically active form of RecG helicase: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 28(12), 2324-32
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 2000. Modulation of RNA polymerase by (p)ppGpp reveals a RecG-dependent mechanism for replication fork progression: Cell Cell. 101(1), 35-45
• INGLESTON, S. M., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2000. The acidic pin of RuvA modulates Holliday junction binding and processing by the RuvABC resolvasome: EMBO J EMBO J. 19(22), 6266-74
• BOLT, E. L., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 2000. Analysis of conserved basic residues associated with DNA binding (Arg69) and catalysis (Lys76) by the RusA holliday junction resolvase: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 304(2), 165-76
• SHARPLES, G. J., INGLESTON, S. M. and LLOYD, R. G., 1999. Holliday junction processing in bacteria: insights from the evolutionary conservation of RuvABC, RecG, and RusA: J Bacteriol J Bacteriol. 181(18), 5543-50
• MCGLYNN, P. and LLOYD, R. G., 1999. RecG helicase activity at three- and four-strand DNA structures: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 27(15), 3049-56
• HARGREAVES, D., RAFFERTY, J. B., SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., LLOYD, R. G. and RICE, D. W., 1999. Crystallization of Escherichia coli RuvA complexed with a synthetic Holliday junction: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 55(Pt 1), 263-5
• BOLT, E. L., SHARPLES, G. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 1999. Identification of three aspartic acid residues essential for catalysis by the RusA holliday junction resolvase: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 286(2), 403-15
• WHITBY, M. C. and LLOYD, R. G., 1998. Targeting Holliday junctions by the RecG branch migration protein of Escherichia coli: J Biol Chem J Biol Chem. 273(31), 19729-39
• RAFFERTY, J. B., INGLESTON, S. M., HARGREAVES, D., ARTYMIUK, P. J., SHARPLES, G. J., LLOYD, R. G. and RICE, D. W., 1998. Structural similarities between Escherichia coli RuvA protein and other DNA-binding proteins and a mutational analysis of its binding to the holliday junction: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 278(1), 105-16
• HARGREAVES, D., RICE, D. W., SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., ARTYMIUK, P. J., LLOYD, R. G. and RAFFERTY, J. B., 1998. Crystal structure of E.coli RuvA with bound DNA Holliday junction at 6 A resolution: Nat Struct Biol Nat Struct Biol. 5(6), 441-6
• HAGAN, N. F., VINCENT, S. D., INGLESTON, S. M., SHARPLES, G. J., BENNETT, R. J., WEST, S. C. and LLOYD, R. G., 1998. Sequence-specificity of Holliday junction resolution: identification of RuvC mutants defective in metal binding and target site recognition: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 281(1), 17-29
• CHAN, S. N., VINCENT, S. D. and LLOYD, R. G., 1998. Recognition and manipulation of branched DNA by the RusA Holliday junction resolvase of Escherichia coli: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 26(7), 1560-6
• SEDELNIKOVA, S. E., RAFFERTY, J. B., HARGREAVES, D., MAHDI, A. A., LLOYD, R. G. and RICE, D. W., 1997. Crystallization of E. coli RuvA gives insights into the symmetry of a Holliday junction/protein complex: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 53(Pt 1), 122-4
• SALAJ-SMIC, E., MARSIC, N., TRGOVCEVIC, Z. and LLOYD, R. G., 1997. Modulation of EcoKI restriction in vivo: role of the lambda Gam protein and plasmid metabolism: J Bacteriol J Bacteriol. 179(6), 1852-6
• RICE, D. W., RAFFERTY, J. B., ARTYMIUK, P. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 1997. Insights into the mechanisms of homologous recombination from the structure of RuvA: Curr Opin Struct Biol Curr Opin Struct Biol. 7(6), 798-803
• MCGLYNN, P., AL-DEIB, A. A., LIU, J., MARIANS, K. J. and LLOYD, R. G., 1997. The DNA replication protein PriA and the recombination protein RecG bind D-loops: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 270(2), 212-21
• MARTIN, F., SHARPLES, G. J., LLOYD, R. G., EILER, S., MORAS, D., GANGLOFF, J. and ERIANI, G., 1997. Characterization of a thermosensitive Escherichia coli aspartyl-tRNA synthetase mutant: J Bacteriol J Bacteriol. 179(11), 3691-6
• MAHDI, A. A., MCGLYNN, P., LEVETT, S. D. and LLOYD, R. G., 1997. DNA binding and helicase domains of the Escherichia coli recombination protein RecG: Nucleic Acids Res Nucleic Acids Res. 25(19), 3875-80
• CHAN, S. N., HARRIS, L., BOLT, E. L., WHITBY, M. C. and LLOYD, R. G., 1997. Sequence specificity and biochemical characterization of the RusA Holliday junction resolvase of Escherichia coli: J Biol Chem J Biol Chem. 272(23), 14873-82
• WHITBY, M. C., BOLT, E. L., CHAN, S. N. and LLOYD, R. G., 1996. Interactions between RuvA and RuvC at Holliday junctions: inhibition of junction cleavage and formation of a RuvA-RuvC-DNA complex: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 264(5), 878-90
• VINCENT, S. D., MAHDI, A. A. and LLOYD, R. G., 1996. The RecG branch migration protein of Escherichia coli dissociates R-loops: J Mol Biol J Mol Biol. 264(4), 713-21
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