Resources

Glossary

• Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR): The absolute arithmetic difference in rates of bad outcomes between experimental and control participants in a trial.
• FEV1: The volume of air that can be exhaled during the first second of a forced exhalation. It is a reflection of the flow of air in the large airways of the lung, and is reduced in patients with COPD.
• Number Needed to Treat (NNT): The number of patients who need to be treated in order to achieve one additional favourable outcome.
• Relative Risk (RR): The ratio of the risk in the treated group to the risk in the control group.
• Relative Risk Reduction (RRR): The proportional reduction in the rates of bad outcomes between experimental and control participants in a trial.

Books and Journals

Straus E at al (2005) Evidence Based Medicine: How to practice and teach EBM. Elsevier Health (China).

RLO: The Physiology of the Kidneys - Print summary

In this RLO you will learn about the physiology of the kidneys.

Learning outcomes

By completing this resource, you should be able to describe:

• how kidneys regulate the fluid balance of the body
• how ions are filtered
• the role of hormones in maintaining homeostasis.

Please type any additional notes and comments you have on this resource in the field below: Print

By completing this resource on the physiology of the kidneys, you should be able to describe:

• how kidneys regulate the fluid balance of the body
• how ions are filtered
• the role of hormones in maintaining homeostasis.

This resource was developed by:

Dr Viv Rolfe- content author

Dr Viv Rolfe - developer

Liz Hilton - HTML5 conversion

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Learning Objects for Healthcare by School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License.