Low Carbon Energy and Resources Technologies Research Group

Biomass Thermochemical Conversion 

Biomass thermochemical conversion encompasses:

  • gasification
  • combustion
  • co-firing
  • pyrolysis
  • liquefaction
  • pre-treatment hydrothermal carbonisation
  • torrefaction degradation during storage
  • smokeless fuel production
Energy-Study714
 

Our research projects, funded by various funding organisations (Research Councils, Industry), focus on many issues (emission, efficiency, sustainability etc.) relevant to different scales of biomass utilisation, ranging from micro-scale distributed combined heat and power generation and domestic biomass boilers, to large-scale power plant applications.

In addition to a full range of analytical facilities for fuel characterisation, we also have a number of laboratory-scale research facilities including Drop tube furnaces, biomass gasifiers, a fluidised bed combustor and, as part of the Energy Research Accelerator, a pilot-plant for hydrothermal carbonisation.

Past Projects

Small-scale biomass-fired CHP

Funder: EPSRC

Total value: £171k

Principle Investigator:

Associated publications:

G. Qiu, Y. Shao Y., J. Li, H. Liu and S. B. Riffat, ‘Experimental investigation of a biomass-fired ORC-based micro-CHP for domestic applications’, FUEL, 2012, 96, 374-382

H. Liu, Y. Shao and J. Li, ‘A Biomass-Fired Micro-Scale CHP System with Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) - Thermodynamic Modelling Studies’, BIOMASS AND BIOENERGY, 2011, 35, 3985–3994

G. Qiu, H. Liu and S. B. Riffat, Expanders for micro-CHP systems with organic Rankine cycle, APPLIED THERMAL ENGEERING, 2011, 31, 3301–3307

 
Integrated Biomass-fuelled CHP/cooling system

Funder: Technology Strategy Board

Total value: £135k

Principle Investigator:

Project partners:

  • Ashwell Biomass Ltd
  • GAST Group
  • EPS Ltd
  • GD Strawson
 

Associated publications:

G. Qiu, H. Liu and S. B. Riffat, ‘Experimental investigation of a liquid desiccant cooling system driven by flue gas waste heat of a biomass boiler’, International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies, 2013, 8, 165-172

H. Liu, G. Qiu, Y. Shao, S. B. Riffat, ‘Experimental investigation on the flue gas emissions of a domestic biomass boiler under normal and idle combustion conditions’, International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies, 2010, 5, 88 – 95

H. Liu and R.  Boukhanouf, Chapter 21 Combined heat and power generation from biomass, in ‘Sustainable Bioenergy Production’ (Lijun Wang ed., ISBN: 1466505524), CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2014, pp 417 - 443

 
Mop fan and electrofilter - an innovative approach for cleaning product gases from biomass gasification 

Funder: EPSRC

Total value: £175k

Principle Investigator:

Associated publications:

W. Zhang, H. Liu, I. Ul Hai, Y. Neubauer, P. Schröder, H. Oldenburg, A. Seilkopf and A. Kölling, ‘Cleaning strategies for biomass gasification product gas’, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGIES, 2012, 7, 69-74

Y. Neubauer and H. Liu, ‘Chapter 6: Biomass Gasification’, in ‘Biomass combustion science, technology and engineering’ (Lasse Rosendahl ed., ISBN 0 85709 131 X, ISBN-13: 978 0 85709 131 4), Woodhead Publishing Limited, pp 106 -129, 2013

 
Development of a small-scale fuel-flexible biomass pellet boiler with low NOx and particulate emissions

Funder: Carbon Trust

Total value: £230k

Principle Investigator:

Project partners:

Associated publications:

J. Chaney, H. Liu and J. Li, ‘An overview of CFD modelling of small-scale biomass pellet boilers with preliminary results from a simplified approach’, ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, 2012, 63, 149-156

H. Liu, J. Chaney, J. Li and C. Sun, ‘Control of NOx emissions of a domestic/small-scale biomass pellet boiler by air staging’, FUEL, 2013, 103, 792-798

Development of a small-scale fuel-flexible biomass pellet boiler with low NOx and particulate emissions

 
Rural Hybrid Energy Enterprise Systems (encompassing Gasification)

Funder: EPSRC

Total value: £2691k

Principle Investigator:

Co-Investigators:

Rural Hybrid Energy Enterprise Systems (encompassing Gasification)

 

 
Ultra-Supercritical (USC) steam power generation technology with Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB): Combustion, Materials and Modelling 

Funder: EPSRC

Total value: £1033k

Principle Investigator:

Co-Investigator:

Project partners:

  • University of Sheffield
  • University of Warwick
 

20kW BFB Biomass Combustor (air and oxy-fuel combustion)

 
Biomass degradation during storage, Engineeriing Doctorate project with E.ON.

Funder: EPSRC and E.ON

Total value: £130k

Principle Investigator:

Co-Investigator:

Associated publications:

S. Graham, C. Eastwick, C.E. Snape and W. Quick,  Degradation of biomass fuels during artificial storage in a laborarory environment, Int. J. Low Carbon Technologies, 2012, 7(2), 113-119

S. Graham, C. Eastwick; C.E. Snape and W. Quick, Mechanical degradation of steam exploded wood pellets during long term stockpile storage, Fuel Processing Technol., 2017, 160, 43

Biomass degradation during storage, Engineeriing Doctorate project with E.ON 1

Biomass degradation during storage, Engineeriing Doctorate project with E.ON 2

Biomass degradation during storage, Engineeriing Doctorate project with E.ON 3

 

Optimised charcoal production, Engineeriing Doctorate project with CPL.

Funder: EPSRC

Total value: £130k

Principle Investigator:

Co-Investigator:

Associated publications:

S. Russell, J.L. Turrion-Gomez, W. Meredith, P. Langston and C.E. Snape, Increased charcoal yield & production of lighter oils from the slow pyrolysis of biomass, J. Anal & Appl. Pyrolysis, 2017, 124, 536-541

 
Thermally mediated biomass liquefaction with hydrogen-donor solvents

Funder: BP

Principle Investigator:

Associated publications:

H. Deng, W. Meredith, C.N Uguna and C.E. Snape, Impact of solvent type and condition on biomass liquefaction to heavy oils in high yield with low oxygen contents, J. Anal & Appl. Pyrolysis, 2015, 113, 340-348

K. Md Isa, C.E Snape, C. Uguna and W. Meredith, High conversions of miscanthus to bio-oil using sub- and supercritical water above 400oC, J. Anal & Appl. Pyrolysis, 2015,113, 646-654

K. Md Isa, C.E Snape, W. Meredith, C. Uguna and H. Deng, Pyrolysis oil upgrading in high conversions using sub- and supercritical water above 400oC, J. Anal & Appl. Pyrolysis, 2016, 119, 180-188

 
Hydrothermal carbonisation pilot-plant

Funder: Innovative UK

Total value: £1.5M

Principle Investigator:

Project partner:

  • CPL
 
Hydrothermal carbonisation pilot-plant
 
 

Low Carbon Energy and Resources Technologies

Energy Technologies Building
The University of Nottingham
Jubilee Campus, NG7 2TU


telephone: +44 (0) 115 84 68661
email:LCERT@nottingham.ac.uk