This bank of biographies was developed to provide background information on selected people mentioned in our online resources. Its focus is on people mentioned in the learning resources 'Politics of the 4th Duke of Newcastle', and 'Conflict'. It includes national figures as well as people with an East Midlands connection.
Biographies of members of aristocratic and landed families featured in our collections will be found in the Family and Estate Resources web pages within the Collections in Context area of our website.
Each of the biographies has been written by Manuscripts and Collections staff, using information derived from the collections, from monographs, and from standard biographical reference works such as the Dictionary of National Biography and the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Burke's Peerage, and the Complete Peerage by G. Cockayne.
Anne (1665-1714; Queen of Great Britain and Ireland)
George Edward Monckton-Arundell (1782-1834), 5th Viscount Galway
Rev. John Thomas Becher (1770-1848; justice of the peace and clergyman)
Hans William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (1649-1709; diplomat and politician)
Lord George Bentinck (1802-1848; politician and sportsman)
Lord Henry Bentinck (1804-1870; sportsman and politician)
William Henry Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland
Colonel Thomas Bernard (c.1769-1834; M.P.)
Sir Robert Howe Bromley (1778-1857; admiral)
Henry P. Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux (1778-1868; Lord Chancellor)
Sir John Fox Burgoyne, baronet (1782-1871, army officer)
Thomas F.A. Burnaby (1808-1893; solicitor, of Newark, Nottinghamshire)
Charles William Bury, 1st Earl of Charleville (1764-1835)
Charles William Bury, 2nd Earl of Charleville (1801-1851)
Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton, 1st Baronet (1786-1845; politician)
George Canning (1770-1827; Prime Minister)
William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire (1641-1707; politician)
Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart, styled Charles III (1720-1788; 'The Young Pretender'; 'Bonnie Prince Charlie'; Jacobite claimant to the English, Scottish and Irish thrones)
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (1650-1722; army officer and politician)
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough (1793-1857; politician)
General Sir Henry Clinton (1730-1795; army general)
Sir William Henry Clinton (1769-1846; army officer and administrator)
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle under Lyne (1785-1851)
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle under Lyne (1811-1864)
Lord Charles Pelham Pelham-Clinton (1813-1884; M.P. and nobleman)
Lord William Pelham-Clinton (1815-1850; nobleman)
Lord Robert Renebald Pelham-Clinton (1820-1867; nobleman)
Richard Cobden (1804-1865; manufacturer and politician)
Sir John Cope (1690-1760; army officer)
Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (1738-1805; army officer and colonial governor)
William Sharman Crawford (1781-1861; Irish politician)
John Wilson Croker (1780-1857; politician and essayist)
Dr George Croly (1780-1860; writer and clergyman)
John Cust, 1st Earl Brownlow (1779-1853)
George R. Dawson (1790-1856; M.P.)
John Evelyn Denison, Viscount Ossington (1800-1873; speaker of the House of Commons)
Edward Granville Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans (1798-1877; politician and nobleman)
Ernest Augustus I, King of Hanover (1771-1851; styled Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale 1799-1837)
Nicholas Fitzsimon (fl 1832-1840; M.P.)
Henry Gally Knight (1786-1846; architectural writer and M.P.)
William Ewart Gladstone (1809-1898; Prime Minster and author)
Edward Smith Godfrey (1768-1843; banker and solicitor, of Newark, Nottinghamshire)
Sir James Graham, 2nd Baronet (1792-1861; politician)
Charles Grant, 1st Baron Glenelg (1783-1866; politician)
Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (1797-1861; politician)
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (1764-1845; Prime Minister)
Richard Grier (fl 1828; Irish clergyman and writer)
Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton (1767-1852; aristocrat)
Sir John Macnamara Hayes, 1st Baronet (c.1750-1809; military physician)
Sidney Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert (1810-1861; politician)
Thomas Blackborne Thoroton-Hildyard (1821-1888; M.P.)
William Hirst (fl 1818-1839; solicitor and postmaster of Boroughbridge, Yorkshire)
George William Frederick Howard, 7th Earl of Carlisle (1802-1864; politician)
Richard William Penn Curzon-Howe, 1st Earl Howe (1796-1870)
Sir Robert Harry Inglis, 2nd Baronet (1786-1855; M.P.)
James II (1633-1701; King of England, Scotland and Ireland)
James Francis Edward Stuart, styled James VIII and III (1688-1766; 'The Old Pretender'; Jacobite claimant to the English, Scottish and Irish thrones)
John Kaye (1783-1853; Bishop of Lincoln)
William Hastings Kelk (1803-1865; clergyman)
George Kenyon, 2nd Baron Kenyon (1776-1855; activist against Catholic emancipation)
John Lawless (c.1773-1837; Irish nationalist, called 'Honest Jack Lawless')
Sir Harcourt Lees, 2nd baronet (1776-1852; political pamphleteer)
Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay (1800-1859; historian, essayist, and poet)
John Henry Manners, 5th duke of Rutland (1778-1857)
John James Robert Manners, 7th Duke of Rutland (1818-1906; politician)
Mary II (1662-1694; Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland)
William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne (1779-1848; Prime Minister)
Charles Mellish (1737-1797; landowner)
William Eaton Mousley (d 1853; solicitor, of Derby)
Lord George Murray (1694-1760; Jacobite army officer)
Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet (c.1755-1818; political writer and politician)
William Smith O'Brien (1803-1864; Irish nationalist)
Daniel O'Connell (1775-1847; Irish nationalist leader)
Morgan John O'Connell (1804-1885; soldier and politician)
Feargus O’Connor (1796?-1855; Chartist leader)
Richard Oastler (1789-1861; factory reformer)
Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey (1768-1854; army officer and politician)
Lawrence Parsons, 2nd Earl of Rosse (1758-1841; politician)
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (1800-1867; astronomer)
Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet (1788-1850; Prime Minister)
Henry Pelham (c.1695-1754; Prime Minister)
Richard Pennefather (1806-1849; civil servant)
Dr Henry Phillpotts, Bishop of Exeter (1778-1869)
Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon (1790-1866; politician)
William Rickford (1768-1854; banker and M.P. of Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire)
John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (1792-1878; Prime Minister)
Richard Ryder (1766-1832; lawyer and politician)
Michael Thomas Sadler (1780-1835; social reformer and political economist)
Robert Campbell Scarlett, 2nd Baron Abinger (1794-1861; politician)
John Scott, 1st Earl of Eldon (1751-1838; Lord Chancellor)
Richard Lalor Sheil (1791-1851; playwright and politician)
William Sherbrooke (1758-1831; J.P.)
George Stanhope, 6th Earl of Chesterfield (1805-1866)
Edward George Geoffrey Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (1799-1869; prime minister)
Joseph Sturge (1793-1859; philanthropist and reformer)
James Sweet (fl 1838-1879; Nottingham shopkeeper and Chartist)
Godfrey Tallents (1811-1877; solicitor and agent of the Duke of Newcastle; of Newark, Nottinghamshire)
James Towle (d 1816; Luddite)
Edward Unwin (1797-1841; J.P.)
Granville Edward Harcourt Vernon (1816-1861; politician)
Henry Warburton (1784-1858; politician)
George Washington (1732-1799; revolutionary army officer and first president of the United States of America)
Richard Wellesley, Marquess Wellesley (1760-1842; statesman)
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769-1852; army officer and Prime Minister)
Warner William Westenra, 2nd Baron Rossmore (1765-1842)
William III (1650-1702; King of England, Scotland and Ireland, and Prince of Orange)
William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland (1721-1765; army officer)
George Wingfield (fl 1837-1842; of Breadsall, Derbyshire)
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